From the forum it appears that this is a repeat of previous problems with Windows 8.0. It now occurs with Windows 8.1 upgrade, at least when installing from an iso, which I am doing (the Windows Update path is not available for test yet). Despite what various Microsoft MVP's said for Windows 8.0 it is NOT associated with the use of Security software (anti-virus or otherwise). Must be nice to provide a "purported solutions" and then tick it off yourself as being "the solutions". It would be nice if Microsoft (or at least a smart person at Microsoft) could issue an upgrade without these type of errors. It would be nice if Microsoft (or at least a smart person at Microsoft) could build in error messages just a wee bit more explanatory than the one above. This one is obviously trying to compete with the BSOD as the most in your face rejection of the user (go away, I don't want to work and I don't want to tell you why I am not working).
Anyway - if anyone else would like to take a crack at defining what the message might mean then please do so.